Tennessee Williams :: essays research papers fc

Everything in his life is in his plays, and everything in his plays is in his life,Elia Kazan said of Tennessee Williams. Williams, who is considered to be thegreatest Southern playwright, inserted umpteen of his own personal experiencesinto his writing, because he found no other means of expressing things thatseemed to demand expression (Magill 1087). He stated that his primarysources of inspiration for his works were his family, the South, and the triunewriters he encountered in his life. Therefore, he presented Americantheatergoers with unforgettable characters, an incredible vision of life in theSouth, and a deeper meaning of the concept he called poetic reality (ClassicNotes 1). Poetic Realism exists as the repeated use of everyday objects, sothat they would produce a symbolic meaning. Often, Tennessee Williamswriting was considered to be melodramatic and hysterical however, it is the dour and powerful life experiences included in Williams writing that makeshim one of the gr eatest playwrights in the history of the American drama.Thomas Lanier Williams began his life March 26, 1911 as the minchild of Cornelius and Edwina Williams. His father, Cornelius, managed a shoewarehouse and was a stern businessman. Cornelius bouts with drinking andgambling (habits that Tennessee later inherited) made him increasingly abusiveas Tennessee grew older. Tennessee, his mother, his older sister, Rose, andhis junior brother, Walter, lived with Tennessees maternal grandparents until1918, when his father was transferred to his firms main office in St. Louis. Although, he began living with his father at age seven, his father remainedemotionally absent throughout his life. His mother, however, smotheredTennessee with her aggressive showings of affection. The move to St. Louiswas shattering to Tennessee, Rose, and Edwina. The change from a small,provincial town to a big city was very arduous for the lower class family. Becauseof the ridicule from other children, her father s abuse, and her mothersunhappiness, Rose was destined to spend most of her life in kind institutionsand she quickly became emotionally and mentally unstable. Edwina allowedRoses doctor to perform a frontal lobotomy on Rose this event greatly queasyWilliams who cared for Rose throughout most of her adult life. Tennesseeremained aloof from his younger brother, because his father repeatedly favoredWalter over both of the older children. His parents often engaged in violentarguments and Tennessee, Rose, and Walter repeatedly encouraged theirmother to leave their abusive father. Williams family life was full of tension anddespair however, he said he found therapy in writing.Unable to bear his life at home, Tennessee began his lifelong

Superstition in Julius Caesar :: Classics, Literary Analysis, Shakespeare

Superstition was an important concept in the Roman times, as it was the driving force in countless actions of the populace at that time. Shakespeare conveys the idea that legion(predicate) people tried to circumvent what the future held, such as unfortunate events, by being irrational. This is exceedingly eminent in Julius Caesar, as it influences the basic daily life of the Roman citizens. From naked thonged men to ghosts, almost every person has to deal with superstition, a caper that many seem to take as life changing. In Julius Caesar, superstitious feelings within the characters alter their choices regarding life, death, and revenge. The setting of the first scene with Caesar is based upon a superstitious belief, The Feast of Lupercal. Marullus states You know, it is the feast of Lupercal (I.i.67). This was a time of sexual glorification when infertile women attempted to procreate while fertile women sought more offsprings. Caesars distrust concerning his wifes infertility is illustrated here when he commands Antony, Forget not in your speed, Antonius/ To touch Calphurnia.(I.ii.6-7) He greatly anticipates that she will bear him a tike as a result, which exhibits pronounced superstition. However, he (like many others) will change his view on superstitious actions. In the beginning of the scene, a soothsayer, old in his age, cautions Caesar to Beware the Ides of March,(I.ii.18) an admonition of Caesars portending death. Out of Caesars haughtiness, and his low regards towards the old man, he overlooks it saying he is a dreamer.However, it was not only Caesar who took superstition into account many other citizens were afflicted by their conviction in omens as well. Cascas chronicle of the seven portentous phenomenon he witnessed gives notice to the fact that he believes it is a message from the gods that an evil was going to befall Rome. Do so conjointly meet, let not men say/ These are their reasons they are natural / For, I believe, they are portentou s things.(I.iii.29-31)Furthermore, people sometimes couldnt make decisions on their own, so they would go to the Augerers. Augerers were what you would call today, psychics and people would often seek their counsel on crucial affairs. When Caesar requests consultation with them after getting an earful of Calphurnias shrieks whilst asleep, he does not like what he hears. His servant returns and relays to him, They (the Augerers) could not find a amount within the beast.(II.ii.40). This unfavorable omen implies that calamity awaits Caesar should he leave his house that day.

fallacy :: essays research papers

Description of FallaciesIn order to understand what a fallacy is, whiz must understand what an argument is. Very briefly, an argument consists of one or more premises and one terminus. A premise is a statement (a sentence that is either true or false) that is offered in support of the exact being made, which is the conclusion (which is also a sentence that is either true or false). There are two main types of arguments deductive and inductive. A deductive argument is an argument such that the premises succeed (or come out to provide) complete support for the conclusion. An inductive argument is an argument such that the premises provide (or appear to provide) some degree of support (but less than complete support) for the conclusion. If the premises actually provide the required degree of support for the conclusion, then the argument is a intimately one. A good deductive argument is known as a valid argument and is such that if all its premises are true, then its conclusion mu st be true. If all the argument is valid and actually has all true premises, then it is known as a sound argument. If it is invalid or has one or more false premises, it will be unsound. A good inductive argument is known as a strong (or " persuasive") inductive argument. It is such that if the premises are true, the conclusion is likely to be true. A fallacy is, very generally, an error in reasoning. This differs from a factual error, which is hardly being wrong about the facts. To be more specific, a fallacy is an "argument" in which the premises given for the conclusion do not provide the needed degree of support. A deductive fallacy is a deductive argument that is invalid (it is such that it could have all true premises and nonoperational have a false conclusion).

Future Outlook of Trucking :: miscellaneous

Future Outlook of TruckingWhen you think of dangerous occupations, which ones come to mind? Do you think about the police incumbent who risks his life daily to protect persons and property? Or the firefighter who places the safety of others above his own? Those are dangerous professions, but based on the patent numbers of lives lost, the single most dangerous profession is that of a truck driver. According to the U.S. Department of Labor, more truck drivers died while working in 2003 than the feature total deaths of police officers, loggers, construction laborers and aircraft pilots (Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries, 2003, page13). In addition to the danger of highway driving, there are increased health risks from poor diet, guerilla sleep patterns, and lack of exercise. Some call truck driving the loneliest job, and for good reason. Weeks on the road away from family and children can stress the most tranquil person. Combine that with delays at shippers and receivers, unsym pathetic dispatchers and ill-timed breakdowns and you can see why driving is so stressful. Even with the risks associated with driving, truck driving is appealing because it is more than vindicatory a job. It takes a complete lifestyle change and requires a serious commitment to be a successful over-the-road driver. If you ask the average person to nominate the job of a truck driver, you would probably hear it described in simple terms such as, Truckers drive a truck and deliver burden. If only it were as simple as that Truck drivers have to wear several different hats. A driver must have some automatonlike skills, good map reading skills, possess good time management skills, and have good people skills. A driver must possess a valid degree A commercial drivers license (CDL). CDL applicants must pass a general driving written exam, a class A exam and an air brake exam. In addition, CDL holders have the option to add endorsements to their license. Endorsements include the autho rization to pull tankers, double and triple trailers, or puff waste materials. In addition, a driver must pass a driving test demonstrating driving ability, backing ability and parking skills. Furthermore, the driver must demonstrate a complete pre-trip safety inspection, verbally identify the parts of the truck, and describe possible malfunctions for each part.Truck driving requires specialized knowledge of airbrakes systems, securing and transporting hazardous materials, calculating and conforming to various state bridge laws and safely maneuvering a 70-foot, 40-ton vehicle in varying terrains, traffic and weather.

The Tragedy of Jean Rhys Wide Sargasso Sea Essay -- Wide Sargasso Sea

The Tragedy of Wide sargasso Sea In Jean Rhys novel Wide Sargasso Sea, whether Antoinette Cosway rattling goes mad in the bar is debatable. Nevertheless, it is clear that her life is tragic. The tragedy comes from her numerous pursuits for love and a sense of belonging, and her failure at each and every one of these attempts. As a child Antoinette, is deprived of parental love. Her father is a drunkard and has many mistresses and illegitimate children. According to Daniel Cosways account, old Cosway is cruel to his own son. Yet even if Daniel was not really a Cosway, and his descriptions were made out of spite, or if old Cosway had cared any more for his legitimate children than his bastard ones, his alcoholism is real, and thus he could not have been a loving father to Antoinette. Her mother, Annette, does not show much motherly affection to her either. Antoinette needs and wants her mothers love, but Annette is indifferent to her. Once, Antoinette sees her mother frown, and tri es to smooth the frown out with her hand, exactly she pushed me away, not roughly but calmly, coldly, without a word, as if she had decided once and for all that I was useless to her. She wanted to sit with Pierre or laissez passer where she pleased without being pestered, she wanted peace and quiet.. Oh, let me alone, she would say, let me alone (13 part 1). One night, when Antoinette has had a nightmare, she awakens to see her mother at her bed. This makes her feel safe, but even therefore her mother has not come to show concern for her, but to look after Pierre, whom is frightened by her noise. When her needs for love and belonging are ignored by her parents, Antoinette seeks to fulfill them elsewhere. She seeks love from a newly foun... ...r her, if there has ever been any, is completely gone, andall that is left is destructive hatred If I was bound for hell let it be hell. No more false heavens. No more damned music. You hate me and I hate you. Well see who hates best. But first, first I testament destroy your hatred. Now my hate is colder, stronger, and youll have no hate to warm yourself. You will have nothing (110 part 2). He thus murders her last expect for love and safety, and brings her to England to be locked away in his attic. This is her second dislocation, this time not only removed from her own familiar world, but completely isolated from the broad(a) world. Here her tragedy is complete, for her heart and soul are killed, and she is but a ghost, with nothing left but hopelessness (110 part 2). Work Cited Rhys, Jean. Wide Sargasso Sea. Ed. Angela Smith. London Penguin, 1997.

Do People Have the Right to Die? Essay -- Euthanasia, Argumentative Ess

A disabled man shares his personal experience with euthanasiaAs a quadriplegic who has been paralyzed from the chest down for all over 24 years, I want to address the dangerous potential ramifications of legalizing physician assisted suicide (PAS) from a viewpoint of personal experience. The past danger I am referring to concerns the time when I was first paralyzed. My paralysis is the result of a broken get it on and spinal cord injury from a car happening in 1975. Add to this cheery scenario the fact that I was soon greeted by a doc who told me I was not supposed to bring on lived as ample as I had, would most likely die shortly, or, in the best case would extend the remainder of my life confined to a wheelchair and you know I was not in the best of moods. After I surprised the doctors and lived to get into rehab, they told me, at that time, the mediocre lifespan of a male quadriplegic was 36 years.By then, I would probably die from a pressure sore, kidney failure, or other related complication. That meant my best take to was 15 more years paralyzed. Im 45 now and scum bag look back on that laughingly. It wasnt so funny then. I spent 6 weeks get medically stable followed by 4 and a fractional months in rehabilitation. During that period, there were MANY times when I didnt know if I wanted to go on. What have I done since the accident? I have lived semi-independently for nearly 23 years. In 1985, I graduated the University of Southern Maine with a B.A. in Communication. In 1989, I graduated Regent University in Virginia Beach with an M.A. in Creative Writing/Journalism.While there, I also worked with a large non-profit organization, received an slap-up service award for working 5 years in an inner city project, wrote and sold 2 radio... ...as Family Doctor. Random House1991. http//www.euthanasia.com/koop.html. (27 Sept 2003).Lewis, Trixie. Dying with Dignity. unequivocal Living. 2003 p.1-2. Online. Internet. http//www.alpha.org/apla/positivelivi ng/1199/letters.html. (28 Sept 2003).Lykes, Fred. A Defense of Physican Assisted Suicide(PAS). p. 1-10. http//www.bluesky7.com/. (27 Sept 2003).Saunders, Peter. xii Reasons Why mercy killing Should Not Be Legalized. Christian Medical Fellowship. 1997 p. 1-6. http//www.cmf.org.uk/ethics/twelve.htm. (28 Sept 2003).Singer, Peter. license and the advanced to Die. Online Opinion. 2002 p.1-3. Online. Internet. http//www.onlineopinion.com.au/2002/May02/Singer.htm. (28 Sept 2003).Smith, Wesley. We Ignore the Dutch Legalization of Euthanasia at Our Own Peril. 17 Dec 2000 p. 1-3. http//www.euthanasua.com/nethcases.html. (27 Sept 2003). Do People Have the Right to Die? Essay -- Euthanasia, Argumentative EssA disabled man shares his personal experience with euthanasiaAs a quadriplegic who has been paralyzed from the chest down for over 24 years, I want to address the dangerous potential ramifications of legalizing physician assisted suicide (PAS) from a viewpoint of personal experience. The past danger I am referring to concerns the time when I was first paralyzed. My paralysis is the result of a broken neck and spinal cord injury from a car accident in 1975. Add to this cheery scenario the fact that I was soon greeted by a doctor who told me I was not supposed to have lived as long as I had, would most likely die shortly, or, in the best case would spend the remainder of my life confined to a wheelchair and you know I was not in the best of moods. After I surprised the doctors and lived to get into rehab, they told me, at that time, the average lifespan of a male quadriplegic was 36 years.By then, I would probably die from a pressure sore, kidney failure, or other related complication. That meant my best hope was 15 more years paralyzed. Im 45 now and can look back on that laughingly. It wasnt so funny then. I spent 6 weeks getting medically stable followed by 4 and a half months in rehabilitation. During that period, there were MANY times when I didnt know if I wanted to go on. What have I done since the accident? I have lived semi-independently for nearly 23 years. In 1985, I graduated the University of Southern Maine with a B.A. in Communication. In 1989, I graduated Regent University in Virginia Beach with an M.A. in Creative Writing/Journalism.While there, I also worked with a large non-profit organization, received an outstanding service award for working 5 years in an inner city project, wrote and sold 2 radio... ...as Family Doctor. Random House1991. http//www.euthanasia.com/koop.html. (27 Sept 2003).Lewis, Trixie. Dying with Dignity. Positive Living. 2003 p.1-2. Online. Internet. http//www.alpha.org/apla/positiveliving/1199/letters.html. (28 Sept 2003).Lykes, Fred. A Defense of Physican Assisted Suicide(PAS). p. 1-10. http//www.bluesky7.com/. (27 Sept 2003).Saunders, Peter. Twelve Reasons Why Euthanasia Should Not Be Legalized. Christian Medical Fellowship. 1997 p. 1-6. http//www.cmf.org.uk/ethics/twelve.htm. (28 Sept 2 003).Singer, Peter. Freedom and the Right to Die. Online Opinion. 2002 p.1-3. Online. Internet. http//www.onlineopinion.com.au/2002/May02/Singer.htm. (28 Sept 2003).Smith, Wesley. We Ignore the Dutch Legalization of Euthanasia at Our Own Peril. 17 Dec 2000 p. 1-3. http//www.euthanasua.com/nethcases.html. (27 Sept 2003).

Do People Have the Right to Die? Essay -- Euthanasia, Argumentative Ess

A disabled man shares his ain experience with euthanasiaAs a quadriplegic who has been paralyzed from the chest down for over 24 years, I want to address the dangerous potential ramifications of legalizing physician assisted suicide (PAS) from a viewpoint of personal experience. The past danger I am referring to concerns the time when I was first paralyzed. My paralysis is the result of a broken neck and spinal cord injury from a car accident in 1975. Add to this cheery scenario the fact that I was soon greeted by a doctor who told me I was non supposed to have lived as long as I had, would most likely die shortly, or, in the better case would spend the remainder of my life confined to a wheelchair and you know I was not in the best of moods. After I surprised the doctors and lived to tie into rehab, they told me, at that time, the average lifespan of a male quadriplegic was 36 years.By then, I would plausibly die from a pressure sore, kidney failure, or other associate compli cation. That meant my best hope was 15 more years paralyzed. Im 45 now and can relish back on that laughingly. It wasnt so funny then. I spent 6 weeks getting medically stable followed by 4 and a half months in rehabilitation. During that period, there were MANY times when I didnt know if I wanted to go on. What have I done since the accident? I have lived semi-independently for nearly 23 years. In 1985, I graduated the University of Southern Maine with a B.A. in Communication. In 1989, I graduated Regent University in Virginia Beach with an M.A. in original Writing/Journalism.While there, I also worked with a blown-up non-profit organization, received an outstanding service award for working 5 years in an interior city project, wrote and sold 2 radio... ...as Family Doctor. Random House1991. http//www.euthanasia.com/koop.html. (27 home 2003).Lewis, Trixie. Dying with Dignity. Positive Living. 2003 p.1-2. Online. Internet. http//www.alpha.org/apla/positiveliving/1199/letters .html. (28 Sept 2003).Lykes, Fred. A Defense of Physican Assisted Suicide(PAS). p. 1-10. http//www.bluesky7.com/. (27 Sept 2003).Saunders, Peter. Twelve Reasons why Euthanasia Should Not Be Legalized. Christian Medical Fellowship. 1997 p. 1-6. http//www.cmf.org.uk/ethical motive/twelve.htm. (28 Sept 2003).Singer, Peter. Freedom and the Right to Die. Online Opinion. 2002 p.1-3. Online. Internet. http//www.onlineopinion.com.au/2002/May02/Singer.htm. (28 Sept 2003).Smith, Wesley. We Ignore the Dutch Legalization of Euthanasia at Our Own Peril. 17 Dec 2000 p. 1-3. http//www.euthanasua.com/nethcases.html. (27 Sept 2003). Do People Have the Right to Die? Essay -- Euthanasia, Argumentative EssA disabled man shares his personal experience with euthanasiaAs a quadriplegic who has been paralyzed from the chest down for over 24 years, I want to address the dangerous potential ramifications of legalizing physician assisted suicide (PAS) from a viewpoint of personal experience. Th e past danger I am referring to concerns the time when I was first paralyzed. My paralysis is the result of a broken neck and spinal cord injury from a car accident in 1975. Add to this cheery scenario the fact that I was soon greeted by a doctor who told me I was not supposed to have lived as long as I had, would most likely die shortly, or, in the best case would spend the remainder of my life confined to a wheelchair and you know I was not in the best of moods. After I surprised the doctors and lived to get into rehab, they told me, at that time, the average lifespan of a male quadriplegic was 36 years.By then, I would probably die from a pressure sore, kidney failure, or other related complication. That meant my best hope was 15 more years paralyzed. Im 45 now and can look back on that laughingly. It wasnt so funny then. I spent 6 weeks getting medically stable followed by 4 and a half months in rehabilitation. During that period, there were MANY times when I didnt know if I wan ted to go on. What have I done since the accident? I have lived semi-independently for nearly 23 years. In 1985, I graduated the University of Southern Maine with a B.A. in Communication. In 1989, I graduated Regent University in Virginia Beach with an M.A. in Creative Writing/Journalism.While there, I also worked with a large non-profit organization, received an outstanding service award for working 5 years in an inner city project, wrote and sold 2 radio... ...as Family Doctor. Random House1991. http//www.euthanasia.com/koop.html. (27 Sept 2003).Lewis, Trixie. Dying with Dignity. Positive Living. 2003 p.1-2. Online. Internet. http//www.alpha.org/apla/positiveliving/1199/letters.html. (28 Sept 2003).Lykes, Fred. A Defense of Physican Assisted Suicide(PAS). p. 1-10. http//www.bluesky7.com/. (27 Sept 2003).Saunders, Peter. Twelve Reasons Why Euthanasia Should Not Be Legalized. Christian Medical Fellowship. 1997 p. 1-6. http//www.cmf.org.uk/ethics/twelve.htm. (28 Sept 2003).Singer, P eter. Freedom and the Right to Die. Online Opinion. 2002 p.1-3. Online. Internet. http//www.onlineopinion.com.au/2002/May02/Singer.htm. (28 Sept 2003).Smith, Wesley. We Ignore the Dutch Legalization of Euthanasia at Our Own Peril. 17 Dec 2000 p. 1-3. http//www.euthanasua.com/nethcases.html. (27 Sept 2003).

Motivation Case Study on Gp Essay

When nation join an organization, they bring with them received drives and postulate that affect their on-the-job performance. Some beats these argon immediately appargonnt, but often they non solitary(prenominal) atomic number 18 difficult to determine and satisfy but in each case vary greatly from bingle person to a nonher. Understanding how necessitate bring into being tensions which stimulate drift to perform and how utile performance brings the delight of rewards is useable for managers. Several approaches to intellectual internal drives and occupys within employees atomic number 18 examined in the chapter. Each fabric act upons a contribution to our understanding of pauperization. All the mystifys sh be some similarities. In general, they encourage managers not only to consider lower-order, maintenance, and extrinsic factors but to use higher(prenominal)-order, motivational, and intrinsic factors as well.Behavior modification focuses on the extraneous envi ronment by stating that a number of employee behaviors can be affected by manipulating their consequences. The alternative consequences include substantiative and negative reinforcement punishment, and extinction. Reinforcement can be applied harmonise to either continuous or partial schedules. A blending of internal and external approaches is obtained through consideration of goal setting. Managers be encouraged to use cues much(prenominal) as goals that are accepted, challenging, and specificto stimulate desired employee behavior. In this way, goal setting, combine with the reinforcement of performance feedback, interprets a balanced approach to motivation. . .Additional approaches to motivation presented in this chapter are the expectancy and equity models. The- expectancy model states that motivation is a product of how much one wants something-and the probabilities that effort testament lead to task accomplishment and reward. The formula is valence X expectancy X instrum entality = motivation. valence is the strength of a persons preference for an outcome. Expectancy is the strength of belief that ones effort leave behind be successful in accomplishing a task. Instrumentality is the strength of belief that successful performance will be followed by a reward.The expectancy and equity motivational models denote specifically to theemployees intellectual processes. The equity model has a double comparison in it a match amongst an employees perceived inputs and outcomes, coupled with a comparison with some referent persons rewards for her or his input level. In addition, employees use the procedural justice model to assess the fairness of how rewards are distributed. Managers are encouraged to combine the perspectives of several models to create a complete motivational environment for their employees. deprivationMotivation is the set of internal & external forces that endeavor an employee to choose a course of action and engage in certain behavior. A toughie of Motivation Although a few spontaneous human activities fade without motivation, nearly all conscious behavior is touch offd or caused. Growing hair requires no motivation, but getting a haircut does. Eventually, anyone will fall unconscious without motivation (although parents with young children may doubt this), but going to bed is a conscious act requiring motivation managers job is to send employees drives and invites and to channel their behavior, to motivate them, toward task performance. The role of motivation in performance is summarized in the model of motivation in Figure 5.1. Internal needs and drives create tensions that are affected by ones environment. For example, the need for food produces a tension of hunger. The hungry person thenEnvironment probabilityNeeds and driveTensionEffontPerformanceRewardsGoals and incentiveAbilityNeed satisfactionFIGURE 5.1 A Model of Mitivationexamines the resoundings to see which foods (external incentives) are opera tional to satisfy that hunger. Since environment affects ones appetite for particular kinds of food a South Seas native may want roast fish, whereas a cobalt rancher may prefer grilled steak. Both persons are ready to achieve their goals, but they will desire different foods to satisfy their needs. This is an example of both various(prenominal) distinctions and cultural influences in action. As we saw in the formulas in Chapter 1, potential performance (P) is a product of ability (A) and motivation (M). Results occur when motivated employs are provided with the opportunity (such as the proper training) to perform and the resources (such as the proper tools) to do so. The strawman of goals and the awareness of incentives to satisfy ones needs are also powerful motivational factors leading to the release of effort.When an employee is productive and the organization takes note of it, rewards will be distributed. If those rewards are appropriate in nature, timing, and distribution, the employees original needs and drives are satisfied. At that time, refreshed needs may emerge and the cycle will begin a get ahead. It should be apparent, in that respectfore, that an heavy starting point lies in understanding employee needs. Several traditional approaches to classifying drives and needs are presented first these models attempt to admirer managers understand how employees internal needs affect their subsequent behaviors. These historical approaches are logically followed by a discussion of a systematic way of modifying employee behavior thought the use of rewards that satisfy those needs.Achievement MotivationAchievement motivation is a drive some people have to pursue and attain goals. An individual with this drive wishes to achieve objectives and advance up the ladder of success. Accomplishment is seen as important primarily for its own sake, not just for the rewards that accompany. A number of characteristic define achievement-oriented employees. They mol d harder when they perceive that they will receive personalised credit for their efforts, when the venture of failure is only moderate, and when they receive specific feedback around their past performance,.People with a high drivefor achievement take responsibility for their actions and results, control their destiny, seek regular feedback, and enjoy being part of a winning achievement through individual or collective effort. As managers, they tend to export that their employees will also be oriented toward achievement. These high expectations sometime make it difficult for achievement-oriented managers to delegate effectively and for average employees to satisfy their managers demands.Affiliation Motivation Affiliation motivation is a drive to relate to people on a brotherly basis. Comparisons of achievement-motivation employees with affiliation-motivation employees illustrate how the deuce patterns influence behavior. Achievement-oriented people plow harder when their superv isors provide detailed evaluations of their work behavior. But people with affiliation motives work better when they are compli9mentions of their work behavior. But people with affiliation motives work better when they are complimented for their favorable attitudes and cooperation. Achievement-motivated people select assistants who are technically capable, with little regard for personal feelings nigh them those who are affiliation-motivated tend to select friends and likable people to surround them.They receive inner satisfactions from being with friends, and they want the job freedom to develop those traffichips. Managers with strong needs for affiliation may have difficulty being effective managers. -Although a high concern for positive social relationships usually results in a cooperative work environment where employees genuinely enjoy working(a) together, managerial overemphasis on the social dimension may interfere with the vital process of getting things done-. Affiliatio n-oriented managers may have difficulty assigning challenging tasks, get offing work activities, and monitoring work effectiveness.Power MotivationPower motivation is a drive to influence people, take control, and change situations. Power-motivated people wish to create an bear on on their organizations and are willing to take risks to do so. Once this power is obtained, it may be used either constructively or destructively. Power-motivated people make excellent managers if their drives are forinstitutional power instead of personal power. Institutional power is the need to influence others behavior for the good of the whole organization. People with this need seek power through legitimate means, rise to leadership positions through successful performance, and in that respectfore are accepted by others. However, if an employees drives are toward personal power, that person tends to lose the trust and respect of employees and colleagues and be an unsuccessful organizational leader .Managerial Application of the DrivesK immediatelyledge of the differences among the three motivational drives requires managers to think contingently and to understand the work attitudes of each employee. They can then deal with employees differently according to the strongest motivational drive that they make out in each employee. In this way, the supervisor communicates with each employee according to that particular persons needs. As one employee said, My supervisor talks to me in my language. Although various tests can be used to identify the strength of employee drives, run observation of employees behavior is one of the best methods for determining what they will respond to.HUMAN NEEDSWhen a machine malfunctions, people recognize that it needs something. Managers supply to find the causes of the breakdown in an analytical manner based on their knowledge of the operations and needs of the machine.Types of NeedsNeeds may be classified in various ways. A simple classificatio n is (1) basic visible needs, called primary needs, and (2) social and psychological needs, called utility(prenominal) needs. The physical needs include food, water, sex, sleep, sir, and somewhat comfortable temperature. These needs arise from the basic requirements of life and are important for survival of the human race. They are, therefore, virtually universal, but they vary in intensity from one person to another. For example, a child needs much much sleep than an older person., .Needs also are conditioned by social practice. If it is wonted(a) to eat three meals a day, then a person tends to become hungry for three, eventhough two might be adequate. If a cocoa hour is introduced in the morning, then that becomes a habit of appetite satisfaction as well as a social need.Secondary needs are to a greater extent vague because they represent needs of the mind and spirit rather than of the physical body. Many of these needs are developed as people mature. Examples are needs that pertain to self- approve, sense of duty, competitiveness, self-assertion, and lo giving, belonging, and receiving affection. The secondary needs are those that complicate the motivational efforts of managers. Nearly any action that management takes will affect secondary needs (here/ore, managerial planning should consider the effect of any proposed action on the secondary needs of employees, Here are seven key conclusions about secondary needs. They0 argon strongly conditioned by experience1 Vary in type and intensity among people2 Are subject to change across time within any individual3 Cannot usually be isolated, but rather work in conspiracy and influence one another.4 Are often hidden from conscious recognition5 Are vague feelings as opposed to specific physical needs6 Influence behavior in powerful waysWhereas the three motivational drives identified earlier were not grouped in any particular pattern, the three major theories of human/needs -presented in the side by side(p) sections attempt to classify those needs. At least implicitly, the theories of Maslow, Hertzberg, and Alerter build on the distinction mingled with primary and secondary needs. Also, there are some similarities as well as important differences among the three, approaches. Despite their limitations, all three approaches to human needs help create an important basis for the more advanced motivational models to be discussed later.Maslows Hierarchy of NeedsAccording to A. H. Maslow, human needs are not of equal strength, and they emerge in a definite sequence. In particular, as the primary needs become reasonably well satisfied, a person places more emphasis on the secondary needs. Maslows hierarchy of needs focuses attention on five levels.Thishierarchy is briefly presented and then interpreted in the following sections. Lower-Order Needs First-level needs involve basic survival and include physiological needs for food, air, water, and sleep. The second need level that tends to domina te is bodily safety (such as freedom from a dangerous work environment) and economic security (such as a no-layoff guarantee or a comfortable retirement plan). These two need levels together are typically called lower-order needs, and they are similar to the primary no discussed earlier.Higher-Order Needs There are three levels of higher-order needs. The third level ia the hierarchy concerns love, belonging, and social involvement at work (friendships and compatible associates). The needs at the fourth level encompass those for esteem and status, including ones feelings of self-worth and of competence. The feeling of competence, which derives from the assurance of others, provides status. The fifth-level need is self-actualization, which means becoming all that one is capable of becoming, using ones skills to the fullest, and stretching talents to the maximum.Interpreting the Hierarchy of Needs Maslows need-hierarchy model essentially says that people have needs they wish to satisf y and that gratified needs are not as strongly motivating as unmet needs, Employees are more enthusiastically motivated by what they are currently seeking than by receiving more of what they already have. A fully satisfied need will not be a strong motivator. Interpreted in this way, the Maslow hierarchy of needs has had a powerful impact on contemporary managers, offering some useful ideas for helping managers think about motivating their employees. As a result of widespread familiarity with the model, todays managers need to Identify and accept employee needs7 Recognize that needs may differ among employees8 Offer satisfaction for the particular needs currently unmet 9 Realize that giving more of the said(prenominal) reward (especially one which satisfies lower-order needs) may have a diminishing impact on motivation. The Maslow model also has many limitations, and it has been sharply criticized. As a philosophical framework, it has been difficult to study and has not been fully verified. From a practical perspective, it is not easy to provide opportunities for self-actualization to all employees. In addition, research has not supported the presence of all five need levels as unique, nor hasthe five-step progression from lowest to highest need levels been established. There is, however, some evidence that unless the two lower-order needs (physiological and security) are basically satisfied, employees will not be greatly concerned with higher-order needs. The evidence for a more limited number of need levels is consistent with each of the two models discussed next.Hertzbergs Two-Factor ModelOn the basis of research with engineers and accountants, Frederick Hertzberg, in the 1950s, developed a two-factor model of motivation. He asked his subjects to think of a time when they felt especially good about their jobs and a time when they felt especially bad about their jobs. He also asked them to describe the conditions that led to those feelings. Hertzberg found that employees named different types of conditions that produced good and bad feelings.That is, if a feeling of achievement led to a good feeling, the lack of achievement was rarely given as cause for bad feelings. Instead, some other factor, such as company policy, was more frequently given as a cause of bad feelings.Maintenance and motivational Factors Hertzberg concluded that two separate sets of factors influenced motivation. prior(prenominal) to that time, people had assumed that motivation and lack of motivation were merely opposites of one factor on a continuum. Hertzberg upset the traditional view by stating that certain job factors, such as job security and working conditions, dissatisfy employees primarily when the conditions are absent. However, their presence generally brings employees only to a neutral state. The factors are not strongly motivating. These potent dissatisfies are called hygiene factors, or maintenance factors, because they must not be ignored, They are necessary for building a knowledgeableness on which to create a reasonable level of motivation in employees. Other job conditions operate primarily to build this motivation, but their absence rarely is strongly dissatisfying. These conditions are known as motivational factors, motivators, or satisfiers.For many years managers had been wondering why their custodial policies and wide array of fringe benefits were not increasing employee motivation. The ideaof separate motivational and maintenance factors helped answer their question, because fringe benefits and personnel policies were primarily maintenance factors, according to Hertzberg. Job Content &Context Motivational factors such as achievement and responsibility are related, for the most part, flatly to the job itself, the employees performance, and the personal recognition and growth that employees experience. Motivators mostly are job-centered they relate to job fill. On the other hand, maintenance factors are mainly relat ed to job context, because they are more related to the environment surrounding the job.This difference between job content and job context is a satisfying of is. It shirrs that employees are motivated primarily by what they do for themselves. When they take responsibility or gain recognition through their own behavior, they are strongly motivated. Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivators The difference between job content and job context is similar to the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivators in psychology. Intrinsic motivators are internal rewards that a person feels when performing a job, so there is a direct and often immediate connection between work and rewards. An employee in this situation is self-motivated, Extrinsic motivators are external rewards that occur apart from the nature of work, providing no direct satisfaction at the defter the work is performed Examples are retirement plans, health insurance, and vacations. Although employees value these items, fey a re not effective motivators.Interpreting the Two-Factor Model Harriers model provides a useful distinction between maintenance factors, which are necessary but not sufficient, and motivational factors, which have the potential for improving employee effort. The two-factor model broadened managers perspectives by showing the potentially powerful role of intrinsic rewards that evolve from the work itself. (This conclusion ties in with a number of other important behavioural developments, such as job enrichment, empowerment, self-leadership, and quality of work life, which are. discussed in later chapters.) Nevertheless, managers should now be aware that they cannot neglect a wide rare. go of facers that create at least a neutral work environment. In addition, unless hygiene factors are reasonably adder their absence will serve as significant distractions to workers. The Hertzberg model, like Maslows, has been widely criticized.It is not universe applicable, because it was based on an d applies best tomanagerial, professional, an upper-level white-collar employees. The model also appears to reduce the motivation* importance of pay, status, and relations with others, since these are maintenance facto This aspect of the model is counterintuitive to many managers and difficult for them k , accept.Since there is no absolute distinction between the effects of the two major factors the model outlines only general tendencies, maintenance factors may be motivators to some people, and motivators may be maintenance factors to others. Finally, the model also seems to be method-bound, convey that only Hertzbergs approach (asking for self-reports of favorable and unfavorable job experiences) produces the two-factor model. In short, there may be an appearance of two factors when in reality there is only one factor.Alderfers E-R-G ModeBuilding upon earlier need models (primarily Maslows) and seeking to overcome some their weaknesses, Clayton Alderfer proposed a modified need h ierarchythe E-R-G modelwith just three levels three levels. He suggested that employees are initially interested in satisfying their institution needs, which combine physiological and security factors. Pay, physical working conditions, job security, and fringe benefits can all address these needs. Relatedness needs are at the next level, and these involve being understood and accepted by people above, below, and around the employee at work and away Growth needs are in the third category these involve the desire for both self-esteem at self-actualization.The impending conversation between the president and the marketing manager could be structured around Alderfers E-R-G model. The president may first wish to identify which level or levels seem to be satisfied. For example, a large disparity between their salaries could lead the marketing manager to be frustrated with his existence needs, scorn a respectable salary-and-bonus package. Or his immersion in his work through long hours a nd heavy travel as the stores prepared to open could have leftfield his relatedness needs unsatisfied. Finally, assuming he has mastered his present job assignments, he may be experiencing the need to develop his no marketing capabilities and grow into new areas.In addition to condensing Maslows five need levels into three that are more consistent with research, theE-R-G model differs in other ways. For example, the E-R-G model does not assume as rigorous a progression from level to level. Instead, it accepts the likelihood that all three levels might be active at any timeor even that just one of the higher levels might be active. It also suggests that a person frustrated at either of the two higher levels may return to concentrate on a lower level and then progress again. Finally, whereas the first two levels are somewhat limited in their requirements for satisfaction, the growth needs not only are unlimited but are actually further awakened each time some satisfaction is attained .Comparison of the Maslow, Hertzberg, and Alderfer ModesThe similarities among the three models of human needs are quite apparent,but there are important contrasts, too. Maslow and Alderfer focus on the internal needs of the employee, whereas Herzberg also identifies and differentiates the conditions (job content or job context) that could be provided for need satisfaction. Popular interpretations of the Masiow and Herzberg models suggest that in modern societies many workers have already satisfied their lower-order needs, so they are now motivated mainly by higher-order needs and motivators.Alderfer suggests that the failure to satisfy related-ness or growth needs will cause renewed interest in existence needs. Finally, all three models indicate that before a manager tries to administer a reward, he or she would find it useful to discover which need or needs dominate a particular employee at the time. In this way, all need models provide a foundation for the understanding and appli cation of behavior modification. deportment MODIFICATIONThe models of motivation that have been discussed up to this point are known as content theories of motivation because they focus on the content (nature) of items that may motivate a person. They relate to the persons inner self and how that persons internal state of needs determines behavior. The major difficulty with content models of motivation is that the needs people have are not subject to observation by managers or to precise measurement for monitoring purposes. It is difficult, for example, to measure an employees esteem needs or to assess how they change over time.Further, simply knowing about an employees-needs does not directly suggest to managers what theyshould do with that information. As a result, there has been considerable interest in motivational models that rely more heavily on intended results, careful measurement, and systematic application of incentives. Organizational behavior modification, or OB Mod, is the application in organizations of the principles of behavior modification, which evolved from the work of B. F. Skinner. OB Mod and the next several models are process theories of motivation, since they provide perspectives on the dynamics by which employees can be motivated.

Advancement Opportunities of Professional Nursing

At a time of the global economic recession, the healthcare professions, including breast feeding are experiencing an unprecedented upsurge in enrollment. The competition for the most lucrative of nursing positions are on the horizon, not only from US-trained professionals, but from foreign-educated nurses as thoroughly the foreign nursing experts from the Philippines, India, Pakistan, among others.There are two footmarks which a professional nurse may pursue in relation with his work the clinical and steering tracks. The motive is involved in pain management, beside care and assisting the physicians in surgical operations.The latter is involved in the day-to-day administration of hospitals and clinics, assisting management in the way these medical exam institutions are existence run.The management track is involved in ensuring full efficiency in the deployment of nurses to the different departments of the hospital, and in providing contingency support in the vitrine of a lac k in human resources in a department.On the other hand, there are many ways by which nurses may advance themselves in their profession. At present, one of the more lucrative specializations in the nursing profession is being a nurse-anesthetist. He is involved in the general pain management of patients, under the direction and supervision of the physician-anesthesiologist.Being a nurse-anesthetist involves great care and discretion in handling patients compared to regular non-specialized nurses, because it entails the administration of potentially-fatal anesthetic drugs.Meanwhile, nurses uninterested in greater pay can opt to involve themselves in international nursing work, as part of the staff of international medical organizations such as the Medicins Sans Frontieres (Doctors Without Borders), a most recognized international organization of doctors and nurses deployed in the most depressed areas of the world.Another field that may be pursued can be that of being a nurse-lecturer in a nursing school, especially now when there is great demand for highly-trained nurses to fill the positions of old nurses about to retire.For my part, I would pursue the clinical track of the nursing profession, because I believe that it would continue honing my bedside skills further and it would provides a sense of greater fulfillment in view of the fact that I shall continue being in constant interaction with patients whom I serve to the best of my abilities.ReferencesWork in the Field. Doctors Without Borders. Retrieved from http//doctorswithoutborders.org/work/field/ on April 8, 2009. American Association of Nurse Anesthetists. preparation of Nurse Anesthetists in the United States At a Glance. 2005. Retrieved May 23, 2007, from http//www.aana.com/educuscrnas.aspx

Patriarchal (sexist) society oppresses women: Women sexuality is marginalized

AbstractThe Oedipus abstruse is a name coined from the nonorious assort workforcet Oedipus, a Greek legend, who kills his father so that he can hook up with his mother. The term denotes the notions and emotions that the mind keeps in the unconscious condition, through the dynamic repression that concentrates on the appetency of a child to sexually possess the p arnt. This paper describes the Oedipus interlinking in detail and discusses how the beliefs influence women by discussing how the sexist society oppresses women. A summative divide is then provided to offer an overview of the discussions.IntroductionThe Oedipus complex gets its name from notorious Kind Oedipus, a Greek legend, who terminates the life of his father so that he can marry his mother. This is an act of incestuous ferocity that is predicted that he would commit by an oracle aboriginal on in his life. Frightened, he tries to use everything at his disposal to run outside from his destiny, precisely he unavoi dable fails and consequently tears his eyes out, and then blinds himself the despicable actions he had committed. Freud adopts the Kind Oedipus Greek Legend to illustrate the perverse truss that children of opposite sex and their parents take part. Fortifying the early childrens developmental years, positive passage through the period can be determined by whether the lay on the line of castration encourages or enhances the formation of the conscience of a child and hence entrance into the consequent period of latency. All these stages of development accommodate varying and mystical effects on the psychological development of a person. A critical berth of view consists just in perceiving the Oedipus Complex as the focal point or hinge of hu musical compositionization, as a change or development from the natural life register to a cultural one of group fill in and thus of legislations, organizations and symbols. However, Freud brings about the irony that due to the pretermit of penis, the risk of castration does not hurt a recent young lady to the same level as a male child and hence the formation of the conscience is frail (Bloom, 2003).Influence on womenThere is no doubt that Freud is the most popular person in the history of psychology. The theories that he created have influenced the field of psychology and are still influential even at present. Despite his several influential and alpha contributions to the field of psychology, his theories have faced several criticisms. One of the major criticisms is his views on women, or, more accurately, the huge gap in his theories about women (Gregory, 2005, p.68). In Freuds early theories, he extended his beliefs of male sexuality to the women, regarding women as just men who lack penises. His male view of sexuality is comprehensible, even though problematic, since it marginalizes egg-producing(prenominal) sexuality. check to the theory, pistillate sexuality is exactly the same as the male sexuality unti l they reach the phallic phase of psychological development, as the women do not have penis. However, they experience the envy of penis, which is the possessiveness that young girls feel towards their male counterparts and the hatred towards their mothers, to whom they lay their blame for lack of penis (Gregory, 2005, p.74). Although he did not suggest the Electra complex, it is possible to empathize it from his theories that young girls shift their attractions to their fathers from their mothers in trying to obtain a penis. Since they are female, they are not in a position of identifying with their father, and then they complete to the actualization that gaining a penis is an impossibility, they decide to have children. Freud, just as the early sexologists regarded women as sexually passive, where they only have sex for the purposes of having children. Since they lack a penis, they come to assume that they deep in thought(p) theirs, and then have male children in trying to obtai n a penis. In women, penis envy is an issue that Freud thought could neer be resolved completely, hence condemning all of them to the underdeveloped conscience, meaning that they depart always be inferior to men morally (Gregory, 2005, p.76). According to Freud, men are able to have conscience that is fully developed. For an individual who has his theories focused on the subject of sex, he progressed satisfied to remain deliberately ignorant of the female sexuality and the way it might differ from that of the males. The views of Freud on female sexuality and women were plainly phallic-focuses, which made his research and exploration into the sexuality of females very limited. It is very provoke to note that despite the fact that he worked with is theories on the sexuality of females remained limited and focused on males. He was also not left out by the general sexism of the period, stating that the sexual life, in men alone is accessible to investigation, while it is veiled in t he impermeable darkness, in the women, partly as a dissolvent of the cultural stunting and on the traditional reticence and untruthfulness of womens account (Gregory, 2005, p.79). It appears troublesome to dismiss the women together with their sexuality in such a path not only because Freud treated several women, but because his beliefs still exist today, and continue to influence sexologists and psychologists in the same way. Freud creates a paradigm in which the lack of a penis and the discovery of this fact plague a little girl in her youth, who views this absence as a weakness to the opposite sex. Freud, (3) explains that in trying to justify this absence, a little girl clarifies it by having an assumption that at one judgment of conviction she was having an equally large organ on her body, which she lost through castration. She goes further to claim that she will be able to acquire just as big organ as the one possessed by the boys when she grows older. She eventually adopts the mothers attributes and ends a strong desire and lust for her father, with the hope of having her own child ne day to compensate for lack of a large organ as the one that boys possess (Glen, 2010, p. 66). In addition, Freud argues that a little girl is spared the cruel awakening, since it is not a social restrict for a girl to have a flirtatious yet less harmful connection with the father. Similarly, being the fathers favorite girl can be a long lasting coitusship, as it is not necessarily regarded as improper. Due to the benevolent and kind nature of this experience, she is starved of the reconciliation with the social taboo and as a result renders the woman morally weaker as her conscience will never be as strong as that of a man (Anouchka, 2010, p.123). In cases where mutual idealization and insensible shame have played a significant role in a marriage relationship, if it ends, the couples usually appear to fight each other to find who will win or lose the battle. They usua lly enlist their childrens loyalty against each other. The one that will succeed in turning the children against the other will always proclaim victory over the former partner. This is a heart tearing case of the narcissistic requirements of that limited parent overriding their concern for the wellbeing of the children that is the wish to revenge on the former partner forces them to sacrifice the fundamental needs of the children for a good and fall relationship with both of them. This is a dynamic that usually damage the children, even though it can be particularly harmful when it is added to the dynamic of Oedipus complex this complex in such situations mostly influences women. For instance, here is a case that may be common to many individuals. It will be described in relation to the mothers who are divorced and their male children. In instances where the infidelity of the father caused the separation, the former wife might always have formal grounds or reasons to be angry, how ever, that would not be a justification to the type of tragic narcissistic behavior that is sometimes experienced (Glen, 2010, p. 67). The claim that Oedipus complex as it is perceived classically and applied in the practice of psychoanalysis comes from the situation of males both in the mythic expression and in its clinical extensions. However, it is a critical flow from the female experiences point of view. When the Oedipus complex is applied to females, male desire and rivalry mediate it, and then clumsily appended to the development of female. The phallocentrism that is most clearly expressed by the declaration by Freud that the young girl is a young man (p118) has left its traces all through the vocabulary of the theories of psychoanalysis of development and no other place as evident as in the discussions about the female Oedipus complex. Expectations and perceptions are shaped by language that is, it organizes reasoning. When thinking about Oedipus, wad think about penis env y and castration, but not about vagina or pregnancy. When talking about the stage of phallic-Oedipal in the young girls, people pain themselves from the critical development need of the young girls to identify with the mother. The female triadic condition does not have its individual name, but rather floats like an incomprehensible something that is not nothings signifier (Rosman, Paula, Rubel, and Maxine, 2009, p.152). If a father gives a loving affection to the daughter, the little girl will be able to grow up more smarter and successful. She will also be les nervous, less immoral and also less likely to be a user of drugs. From the girls early years, they expect their fathers to provide love, reassurance and admiration. The response of a father greatly influences the ability of the daughter to have positive relationships and trust other men. The level of self-esteem of a girl is influenced to a great deal by the relationship with her father. So, what happens when there are no fa thersOr even they become too busy to have time for their daughtersBetween the ages of three and eight, the young girl naturally abandons their attachment to their mothers and turn to the father. This is comparable to the Oedipus complex, which is used in the description of the competition between a girl and a mother to have the affection and love of the father (Butler, 2014, p.35-90). It is part of a normal phase in the development of a girl. The changing of family configurations, where there are more relationship or marriage breakups than ever experienced before, has hampered normal development of a girl. About forty to fifty percent of first marriages break up after a short period of stay, which leads to more single parents. Whether the Oedipus complex actually exists or not is a subject to debate among academicians, but what appears to be clear is that the attachment of the girl to her father or mother is determined by the situational or cultural factors. The quality of attachmen ts as such shapes the disposition and results of the girl. Characteristically, the girl should have been given a clear directive by the father such as she should not order her father around or that she is mantic to shoe kindness to her mother and even love her (Lacan, 2012, p.97). Without having to force the situation too much, it is apparent that there would have been restoration of the order and the young girl could have known that the parents work together in a learning enterprise that includes boundaries and respect. Some men wrongly think that their wives are supposed to treat them just like their daughters, as perfect heroes. They please and obey their daughters so that they cannot lose their respect. Early experiences shape the lives of individuals. Denial, abandonment and rejection in the peoples childhood might force them into a long lasting quest for healing their wounds. However, deficiencies in parenting also make a big score.ConclusionFreuds beliefs in the psychoanaly sis are greatly biased towards women as it views women as sexually passive, who just engage in it to have children. His view in Oedipus complex greatly influences the development of females in the way they live, as when it is applied to females, male desire and rivalry mediate it, and then clumsily appended to their development. Even the young girl is not fair to her mother whom she blames for her lack of a penis, thus the hatred. The beliefs are centered on males where it is believed the development of a female to a responsible and decent person is associated with the father, as that is where they draw their inspiration, and that is why a young girl tends to fight off her mother in order to take her position as the fathers favorite. The changing of family configurations, where there are more divorces than ever experienced before, has hampers normal development of a girl.ReferencesAnouchka G, 2010, No More Silly contend Songs. London, p. 123Bloom H, 2003, Sophocles. New York Chels ea House.Butler, J. 2014, Undoing Gender. London, England Routledge p 35-90.Glen O. G, 2010, Long-Term Psychodynamic Psychotherapy, London. p. 67.Gregory, J, 2005, A Companion to Greek Tragedy, Oxford.Lacan, J. 2012, Ecrits A Selection, trans. Bruce Fink. New York Northon p 97.Rosman, Paula G. Rubel, Maxine W, 2009, The Tapestry of Culture An Introduction to cultural Anthropology, Ninth Edition, Abraham, AltaMira Press, p. 101.Freud S, 1965, The Interpretation of Dreams Chapter V The Material and Sources of Dreams New York Avon Books.Ian C, and Allen, A, 2005, A Guide to Greek Drama. London Blackwell.

Sample Business Plan: Food for Thought

We all this product Happy Pastilles. Happy Pastilles, being distributed to retailers In sari sari stores, would be more convenient and thus, get out not contain consumers to go somewhere else. Unlike other desserts, a piece of Happy Pastilles can be enough to lessen saltiness, spiciness or greasiness of meals remained in our taste buds. Happy Pastilles offers health conscious consumers and dessert lovers a healthy and friendly local product called pastilles. Happy Pastilles Partnership will provide a combination of excellent dessert with affordable price, unique shape, and nutritious ingredients.Happy Pastilles is the answer to the Increasing demand for craving a dessert after a meal with lower price. Our mission Is to serve customers great tasting nutritious dessert In todays highly competitive environment, it is becomes increasingly difficult to comp be our product to the uncouth pastilles that consumers usually buy. Hundreds of retailers who are selling different pastries are evolving. Our initial target areas are Sat. Elena, San. Rogue, Stop. Ion, Clamping . As we grow, we will develop more kiosks within the city. Happy Pastilles are highly profitable In the first two years.The Increasing probability is partly based on expectations. These forecasts are based on general trends in food industry. We have various promotional strategies for our company name awareness. The marketplaceing campaign through product taste test and sampling, word of mouth will be highlighted as one of our strategies. Product Offerings Sometimes after a meal, people look for something else to eat. Salty, spicy or greasy foods make someone want for desserts or some known delicacies or pastries just to lessen the unlikable tastes in our mouths.Definitely, desserts need not be ere expensive like Ice cream, lecher flan, and the like and would require to go somewhere else, to answer the craving Happy Pastilles is a high-protein product because it is a milk-based dessert. This is a mi xture of powdered milk, condensed milk, and refined sugar. To be unique in the market, crushed peanuts were added as well as the star shape The product is a homemade dessert for health conscious consumers. Happy Pastilles is a milk-based product, so we can get different nutrients like protein, calcium, Vitamins A, D, E, K, and B.Consumers within the get on range of 18 30 years old are the next pass judgment to consume the product. Consumers within this age range include the growing kids which are referred to as teens who tend to eat a lot. After eating a meal, they would unfeignedly look for something else to eat and something that can lessen the unlikable tastes in their mouths. Consumers within the age range of 31 43 are like the previous age group who, after eating a meal, would also look for something else to eat.Other than that, people within this age range tend to bring foods along with them especially when passing to their workplace. Consumers within the age range of 44 56 are people who are quite practical and who would quite a choose to buy an ordinary pastilles rather than Happy pastilles. His product. They are the most practical among the age groups who might Just choose to buy the ordinary pastilles rather than Happy Pastilles or choose not to buy at all. SOOT Analysts We are in a highly competitive market in a rapidly growing economy.We foresee our power as the ability to respond quickly to what the market dictates and to provide tincture desserts in a growing market. In addition, through aggressive marketing and quality management, we intend to become a well respected and known entity in our preferred industry. Our key personnel have knowledge on the coal market and expertise, which will go towards penetrating the market which wills the strength however we acknowledge our weakness, to our limited start-up capital/ shares and the threat of competition in the industry.

A Shadow in the City

A Shadow in the City Confessions of an Under height Drug Warrior is a well-known book write by Charles Bowden. As evident by the name, the book deals with drugs, the drug struggle and an under c everywhere drug warrior.The author of this book has touched a field of view which has gener onlyy always been considered dark by many and for that he has put frontward the picture of a man who has worked extremely hard nearly in all his life to put an ending to the war a overhearst drugs.The author has gone deep into the mind of a soul namely Mr. O chaise doggedue and has put forward many such things which go by ignored by a vast payoff of people. The reason behind writing this book evidently is to gain awargonness and make the people give attention to the problems faced by the people who work on the front end of this problem.These are the people who dispirit working as people with good hearts and even better intentions, and then they are forced to consign acts of pure evil or cle an simple lose at their work. Every single evil act wounds the mind and the soul of that person to the extent that nothing is left except pain, wounds, and a guilty feeling that agonizes a man who at his heart may be a good person.Another thing which the author has tried to convey is the point that anyone involved in the drugs business would either go up or go straight down. He will loose all signs of humanity along with all his morals and values (Bowden, 2005).SummaryJoey OShay is not the real name of the narcotics means in an unnamed city in the center of the country. But Joey OShay exists. The nearly tercet hundred drug busts he has orchestrated over more than two decades are real, too if the drug war were a declared war, OShay would have a Silver Star.Charles BowdenThis well-known book which has been written by Charles Bowden presents an image of the life of an undercover drug means and the effects of his work on the agents sanity and sense of right and wrong. In this book the author has presented to his readers the unseen world of the drug wars where wicked crimes occur nearly all the sentence where unfaithfulness and dishonesty are the only two things that one can depend on and where alcohol and drugs are the only thing that people are concerned about.In the book, the author has archived a career-making drug deal for pure Columbian heroin which is being coordinated by Joey OShay, a drug agent who has been working under-cover for more than twenty years.The drug agent has made a vast number of drug deal busts without ever being identified by any of his targets nevertheless, his purpose as an agent and that of Americas war on drugs has grown more difficult to date with each bust. OShay is at a point where he wishes to retire from his job. He wants to walk away from what he has been doing since a very long timegetting fill up to his enemies and then destroying them, only if the way out is not easy.He stands at a point where he does not know himself he has become an entity trying to understand his own self. In the words of the author, he becomes a shadow in the city. He re main(prenominal)s unknown to the life moving around him. He answers no questions. He grows, thrives, slides silently down the streets.He acts. He loves. He loses. He kills. He is the law still few remember this fact. Sometimes, he forgets himself (Bowden, p.5). The problems faced by O Shay, him losing his personality, losing interest in his work and doubting his line of work, O Shay trying to find ways to get out of this drug business but failing at it and besides failing at dying is what this book is basically about.While working for the war on drugs, the police men or permits say the drug agents face a lot of things which play with their minds. Horrific images, brutal realities, harsh lies are all part of the game. These things make the person doubt his own job plainly like O Shay doubts his by thinking whether this war is ever going to end or not.Frien dship and the true play a major role in this field. In the book, Bobbie is a girl who owns a hotel and has always been helping O Shay. She always listens to him and according to the author, Bobbie obeys no one, she is proud of this fact. But she always obeys Joey. Even in her dreams (Bowden, p.7).The author also addresses the problem of cops having to face crimes being committed in front of their eyes in order to remain under cover. At times, these people see so much of these crimes being committed that they become unsympathetic and get used to it just the way O Shay does in the book, but deep down inside, as the author has tried to portray, these people are anxious to undo all the things they have ever seen and known throughout their lives and careers. Yet, the author also goes on to remind the reader that such a thing is nearly impossible.These under cover agents go through a number of personal changes in the way they think and perceive events and things around them. The war agai nst drugs perhaps is a never culture war, as according to the author, the people who the under cover agents put away are immediately replaced by their successors, hence getting to the root of the problem is the main task here, which is not easy to be done.Authors position on the Drug WarAs evident by the portrayal of O Shay as a man who wishes to give up on his job, the author certainly believes that the war against drug is not as easy as some of us may think it is. It is a tough job which requires nerves. The author believes that the war on drugs might even turn out to be never ending, which is extremely bad.This step forward must be dealt with great strategy. Not only should small drug deals be busted, but the bigger much worst deals should be dealt with as well, but for that the under cover agents must be fully prepared and should not weary of their jobs just as O Shay and a vast number of other under cover agents in real life do so. The war on drugs is a hard task and would ta ke a long period of time to finish if it ever does. But as stated earlier, it requires thinking and strategic planning for the war to end and bringing about an end to drugs.Influence of the book on my personal views of the drug warReading this book has brought about a s out of work change in the way I had previously perceived the war against drugs. I had melodic theme that perhaps the life of an under cover agent is not all that scary or disturbing, but this text proved me wrong.I thought that maybe if the authorities worked harder the problem would be finished in a very short period of time, but no the text changed my view over that as well. I now think that the war against drugs might not end but even if it does it would require a very strategic plan.ConclusionIn the light of the above discussion we can hereby culminate that A Shadow in the City Confessions of an Undercover Drug Warrior is a well-known book written by Charles Bowden. The book deals with drugs, drug deals, under c over agents and the way busting drug deals and dealing with thugs effects the way they think and perceive things and at times they also wish to retire from their jobs.BibliographyBowden, Charles. (2005). A Shadow in the City Confessions of an Undercover Drug Warrior. United States of America. Harcourt. ISBN 0151011834.

Adapting adult language and interactions Essay

Explain how adapting adult language and interactions can view as a tikes behaviour, emotional, social skills, as well as support their communication developmentThe amount and style of adult talk can greatly influence the milieu and how accessible it is to children with speech, language or communication needs. Giving children time to assist and understand information, and to respond is crucial. By adapting their use of talk in the setting and in particular their level of language, adults can really enhance their learning development as well as supporting their communication skills. Adults can support this done a number of ways. These include Focus on what the child is looking at or doing Follow their lead/ topic of conversation. Encourage children to talk more or less their own interests at appropriate times. By acknowledging all efforts at communication it shows that the child is valued. This will help build a positive relationship and support the childs independence and self- confidence. Get down to the childs level Its easier to talk if you are face to face. Taking it in turns to fleet so that the adult and the child both get a turn talking, giving choices to increase vocabulary, e.g. apple or orange?Build up your childs sentences by repeating what they say and adding words. If the child says a word inaccurately, acknowledge what they have said and repeat it back once correctly. Use of rhetorical/ open questions and expanding statements Making sure you use lots of statements and fewer questions. Scaffolding techniques (whereby keywords and phrases are repeated) Giving children and young people the time needed to respond and process information Provide opportunities to communicate. Work one-to-one or in small groups Give opportunities that facilitate communication with their peers (since social skills and language are inherently profoundly rooted). Letting children work in pairs to encourage listening to each other. Circle time can help develop lis tening skills andbetter attention. Use of shorter sentences. promote what you say with visual cues, gestures, diagrams etc. Listen and show interest with eye contact, body language etc. Give positive feedback.

How Does Priestley Show That Tension Is at the Heart of the Birling Family?

Priestley presents strain in various ways deep downg in the Birling family. At the beginning of the play, Priestley creates his tension by ever-changing the colour of the lighting. The start is a low and intimate pink which could suggest a privy tension within the family home. After the inspector arrives the lighting changes to a bright, harsh white light which makes the family look like they are in the spotlight of a police interrogation. This shows that there is tension at the heart of the Birling family as it whitethorn be hidden to begin with, certain comments give the reader a sm every insight to what is hidden and not spoken of.The light of being under interrogation works well as tester Goole is there is to accuse them of a crime and then asks them a series of questions to reveal the truth and the all the tension they have hidden. One of the hidden tensions within the Birling family is the fact that Mr. Birling talking near his business with Gerald at the dinner table cele brating Shelia and Geralds engagement, Now, Arthur, I dont think you ought to talk business on an spring like this.This presents hidden tension because Mrs. Birling doesnt say what she really thinks, which could be that Mr. Birling talks roughly his business too much. Mr. Birling does not follow instructions for long proving that he cares more or so his work than his own family. As any wife would be annoyed with this as they think that it should always be the other way around, Mrs. Birling is the same but knows she will not get anyplace so sighs and leaves him to get on with it.

Collaborative Working Essay

There ar m any dissimilar ways to define collaborative Working. According to The field Center for Biotechnology Information obtainshelf (NCIB) Collaboration in wellness tout ensembleot is defined as health cargon professionals assuming complementary roles and co-operatively running(a) together, sharing responsibility for problem-solving and fashioning decisions to formulate and carry out plans for uncomplaining do. Collaboration surrounded by physicians, nurses, and other health apprehension professionals increases a team members awareness of separately others type of knowledge and skills, track to continued improvement in decision-making.To wager collaboratively it is overly important for all in all team members to be unforced to take spark and trust other health professionals to accomplish a collective outcome, which is the health and eudaemonia of the affected role. Thomas et al (2005) mentions that entrustingness is unrivalled step of developing interper sonal quislingism and trust has been seen as a vital part to assist the learning of effective team work. All professionals need to trust each other and learn new competencies and be able to take on new roles without resentment, as this requires a go on aloneing and trusting approach.Therefore, to give the persevering the scoop attainable care, it is imperative towork in happenstance with other healthcare professionals to meet the take of the patient. Each professional has to show mutual respect for one a nonher in order to be able to work together or else there entrust be remainder in the team and the outcome of the patient leave alone suffer. Thomas et al (2005) continues to assign that confidence has been pointed out as an important feature in collaborative working as professionals who are confident in their own roles realize the ability to work flexibly into other boundaries without feeling green-eyed or threatened. Confidence shows leadership and allows others to trust the work of that individual, therefore creating a trusting environment for them all to work together.The terms interprofessional, multiprofessional and interdisciplinary are all related to collaborative working, Thomas et al. (2005) defines the prefix multi as the participation of staff from different professions, and the prefix inter means collaboration in the areas of decision making thus indicating that healthcare professionals, be it adviser, nurses, affectionate workers or community staff work together to generate a high quality care and to achieve the best outcome for the patient.With skills and knowledge coming from these colleagues that study in different backgrounds, overall the team terminate appropriate an excellent assistant and duty to patients callable to having specialists from different areas working together in the same team. Collaborative working involves interaction of various groups or professions to accomplish a general goal, which blueprintly i n the health care setting is the care of the patient. As a result of problem solving, an open and flexible approach to the roles and tasks of individual team members provide a more patient focused healthcare.Read moreSharing Responsibility Role of Local and res publica BodiesThe aim of this essay is to establish what skills and knowledge are required to work collaboratively successfully. I will string a care pathway, which will look at the care a patient received from different inspection and repairs in which I participated.In the health care service, working with people is a part of the working day. According to Goodman & Clemow (2010), working with other people is a fact of everyday life, whether you will be working the in community or in ahospital environment you will be constantly inter playing with people to assess, plan implement and evaluate care provided. Goodman and Clemow (2010) go on to say nurse work is primarily people work, be it one-to-one patient care or team car e.The linguistic rule of a care pathway is to recommend the most appropriate care required to meet the patients needs. According to Middleton & Roberts (2000) care pathways are evidence based care which is delivered to the patient by the proper individual at the specific time and the suitable environment. Middleton & Roberts (2000) continue to say that integrated care pathways are used to determine multidisciplinary practice based on guidelines for particular patients. According to the Royal College of nursing (RCN) 2014, care pathways are also known as integrated care pathways, anticipated recovery maps, critical pathways or care maps. communication is very important in the healthcare service to cover that the patient will receive the correct care plan to meet their needs. According to the Royal College of Nursing (RCN) 2014, communication is at the heart of everything we do in our society. Its central to our learning, our work and our leisure interests. It is vital in health ca re, where patients/clients can feel vulnerable, isolated and anxious, therefore teams need to rely on good communication to assistant them deliver safe, organized and effective healthcare. Without communication between certain individuals in the team, it can cause conflict or friction between some colleagues therefore delaying the goal of impeccable patient care.Communication dual-lane amongst teams can achieve a holistic goal that is clear and in which the outcomes are met amongst the team (RCN) 2014. Communication is not only verbal, it is also non-verbal and listening also plays a part. If health professionals are not working together then there is a failure of communication and errors will occur and the well cosmos of the patient will suffer. This may also happen when health professions used different terminologies within their profession, which others may not hear. This demonstrates the need for communication to be shared in a manner which all members can pick up to avoid confusion and reduce the risk of mistakeshappening, i.e. language line, interpreters and other professionals who understands the language. cod to the importance of patient confidentiality I will be keeping the identity of my patient as anonymous and a pseudonym will be used for the purpose of the essay to protect the patient. This complies with the NHS enrol of Practice on Confidentially (2003). passim this essay my patient will be referred to as Mr A.The Tuberculosis (TB) Services must be companionable to all health care professions in the community or hospital. An important part of the role of the TB service is to promote awareness of TB and ensuring that all suspected cases of TB are promptly referred for investigations, diagnosis, treatment, choke off to control the spread of TB. The most common pathway by which patients can access the TB service includes referrals from GP surgeries, accident and emergency, laboratory microbiology, hospital wards and other hospital specialti es such as HIV (Gum clinic), rheumatology and paediatrics. TB work postulate one designated referral number, fax, email address and give address. The care pathway for patients who show signs and symptoms of TB will require a number of investigations, which will include a Mantoux Skin test, when a shrimpy amount of Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) is injected into the arm and the results will be read 48/72 hours later, a federal agency x-ray, sputum samples or a bronchoscopy. at a time these investigations have been completed and if the results are positive for active TB, the patient will be commenced on TB treatment. This treatment will be for a minimum vi months to two years depending on the type of TB diagnosed. My role as the Support worker for the TB team is to assist patients, to serve well them understand and come to terms with their diagnosis. In addition to this I will arrest that they receive the correct medication as distributed by the nurses, monitor any side ef fectuate and bring them to the attention of the specialist nurses who will give further advice or discuss with the senior consultant who will be able to decide on an appropriate care plan if needed. I also support patients with any welfare and social matters such as housing, immigration and social benefits. My role involves acting as the advocacy for patients and links them with the required services. In orderfor this to work, I have to build a very good rapport with my patients, and I feel that this enables them to become open and honest with me, which results in us achieving our desired goal.Patient ScenarioMr A was admitted via accident and emergency complaining of chest pains, lethargy, loss of weight, cough and shadow sweats, the typical symptoms of TB. His chest x-ray showed left sided pleural effusion and sputum sample results were smear positive, indicating that he was infectious, His Mantoux result was 18mm and was diagnosed with smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis.Mr A was born in Romania and entered the UK originally in 2009. He was house sharing with other Romanians for three months until they were evicted by the police as they were possibly squatting and he became homeless. He was of no fixed abode with no clear connections in the UK. He has been living on the streets ever since being evicted. He has no means of contact, no money and has very limited apprehensiveness of side of meat.Mr A was referred to the TB Service by the consultant on the respiratory ward. due(p) to his lack of English language, a Romanian interpreter needed to be book to allow sufficient communication between staff and Mr A. I made a phone call to the hospital interpreting service to book a Romanian interpreter to assist with the estimation. The TB assessment was carried out in the ward with the Romanian interpreter present. The TB assessment form was completed using roper et al (2000) Activities of Daily Living. This assessment model looks at the patients needs as w ell as any possible problems connected with the patient i.e. social, physical, psychological and medical. According to Roper et al (2000) this model will give a holistic view of the individual instead of just the illness. This model recognises the impact of cultural, environment, and economic factors that affect some(prenominal) health and well-being (Barrett et al, 2012).Prior to our assessment on the ward I received a telephone call from the Infection control nurses to inform us of his sputum results. The results of his test were smear positive and this indicated that the patient wasinfectious therefore he was placed in to a negative pressure side room. A negative pressure room is used to prevent the spread of TB. The National TB Centre nominate a negative pressure room as a room where more air is run than is supplied, so infectious particles are contained within the room by continuous air current being pulled into the room under the door. Therefore, when the negative pressure room is used airborne particles generated in the room cannot evasion to the corridor.During this assessment it was brought to my attention that Mr A had no income and was homeless. My role as the Support Worker is to help patients with any welfare and housing issues. I was able to make a telephone call to the hospital social services for advice on Mr A and had a long conversation with the advisor. We agreed that I needed to contact Greenwich Social Services for further advice. I was informed by Greenwich Social services that Mr A was not entitled to any public funds because of his no recourse to public funds on entrance to the UK.Due to Mr As situation, I spoke to my colleagues in Find and Treat who informed me that Mr A might be eligible for accommodation, and a referral form was faxed to me for completion with my patient. Find and Treat is a surgical incision of Health Organisation within Public Health England that works alongside TB services to provide holistic, preventative an d stabilising support to homeless people who are on TB treatment and have no recourse to public funds. The completed referral form was faxed back to Find and Treat.I received a telephone call from Find and Treat to inform me that the referral had been accepted at the homeless shelter and the close step was an interview with the shelter home manger and his allocated case worker to meet the patient to ensure that all his needs were met whilst in their care. The case worker and the manager met the patient in the ward in my presence with the interpreter to complete their full assessment for placement in view of the referral information and facts we presented.Once the meeting was complete, I had to liaison with the discharge coordinator on the ward to inform them that Mr A had been accepted at the shelter home. Prior to his discharge from the ward, the TB nurse checkedhis TB medication and I booked transport for my patient to get to the organised accommodation and he was taken on the sa me day. The following day I made a telephone call to his case worker asking around his (Mr A) progress and how he was settling in. He was reported to be settling in well and had no concerns.Mr A had been visiting a homeless unit for food and shelter prior to this admission to the ward. Due to his smear positive sputum results it is a requirement to refer all smear positive advocator cases to Public Health England (PHE) as TB is a notifiable disease. It is my duty to gather as frequently information as possible regarding the homeless unit. I completed an disaster reporting form with all the information from the shelter unit and faxed it to PHE. I had a conversation with PHE by telephone to arrange an incident meeting between the shelter home, PHE and the TB nurses. Once a date was agreed with all parties we met at the shelter home to identify contacts and organise screening. It was agreed that all contacts who needed to be screened for TB were to be referred to the TB Service.Col laborative working sometimes may not always work smoothly as expected. Some team members may feel left out or not appreciated, Elizabeth Lark (2006) says to work collaboratively you need to be focused on a two way related dimension. The task that needs to be achieved, in this case the outcome of the patient, and the relationship with and between the people that need to be busy in it. Therefore it is clear to say that all team members need to feel appreciated and set in collaboration to make it work professionally. Another factor that may cause problems in collaboration is personality conflict, a lack of understanding in other professionals sphere and the influence of hierarchy in job roles within the multidisciplinary teams. Elizabeth Lark (2006) continues to say that these types of conflicts can be resolved by giving team members the chance to discuss their concerns in group meetings to identify clear working responsibilities before implementing the care of the patient.As a Suppo rt Worker collaborative working is very important to me to ensure that a service work as a team to give patients the required care they needto enable them to be able to return to their normal healthy lifestyle. When caring for patients we need to set standards and be professional no matter of the patients background and belief. The importance of my role as a Support Worker in advocacy and linking patients with other service has lead to the recovery of our patients, as many of our patients do not understand the diagnosis and the stigma related to the TB diagnosis. Having access to all these services has made it possible for me to help Mr A on the road to recovery and enable him to live a normal life over again where he will be helped and assisted with some form of work and earn a living. Due to his lack of the English language it would have been very difficult for him to access these services by himself as I was the main link for Mr A to receive the correct care.Mr A was very happy with the care he received from all the different services, he said via the interpreter I would not have known where to go to get help, I thank you all. The care given to Mr A was delivered over a period of three months. He remained in hospital for 4 months, during this time I ensured that all of the hospital resources were coordinated to ensure that the highest level of service was delivered and that Mr A could return to living a normal healthy life style. My role as a Support worker in this collaborative working has helped other healthcare professionals such as ward staff, infection control nurses and hospital social services to gain better knowledge of TB and how working together to overcome obstacles to ensure that the patient can receive the correct care needed. We were able to identify the patients needs, which allowed the nurses and other services to coordinate and plan interventions to meet the patients requirements in regards to his recovery.It is evident that collaborative working does have the best outcome for patient. Working collectively has enabled me to expand my knowledge and skills required to work along side other health providers and social services. Communication is the key skill required in collaborative working to ensure and accomplish the best outcome for your patients. All services and organisations need to work well together and leave their differences, misunderstanding and challenges aside for the sake of the patients outcome.Collaborative working takes away any supererogatory stress and worry for patients who just want to overcome their illness and this was reflected in Mr As situation.ReferencesBarrett D, Wilson B & Woodlands A, (2012) Care Planning A Guide for Nurses, Second Edition, Essex, Pearson Education limited.Goodman B & Clemow R, (2010) Nursing and Collaborative Practice, with child(p) Britain, MPG Books GroupLark E, (2006) Collaborative Advantages How Organisation Win by Working Together, Hampshire, Palgrave MacmillanMi ddleton S & Roberts A (2000) incorporated Care Pathways a practical approach to implementation Oxford, Reed Education and headmaster Publishing LtdRoper N, Logan W & Thierney A J, (2000) The Roper Logan Tierney Model of Nursing Based on Activities of Living, Edinburgh, Churchill Livingstone.Thomas,J Pollard K C and Sellman D, (2005) Interporessioanl Working in Health and Social Care. New York, Palgrave MacmillianNational Centre for Biotechnology Information Bookshelf http//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2637/ Professional Communication and Team Collaboration Patient Safety and Quality Access on 25/09/14Royal College of Nursinghttp//rcnhca.org.uk/communication First Steps for HCAsAccessed on 15/10/14National TB Centrehttps//www.ndhealth.gov/Disease/TB/Documents/Infection%20Control.pdf Accessed on 30/10/14NHS Code of Practicehttps//www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/200146/Confidentiality_-_NHS_Code_of_Practice.pdf Accessed on 08/11/14Royal College o f Nursinghttp//www.rcn.org.uk/development/practice/perioperative_fasting/good_practice/service_improvement_tools/care_pathways Accessed on 15/11/14

Impact of Literature on my Personal Growth Essay

The select readings that the class has discussed this semester fork out covered a variety of literature that has make an impact on how I now view life and the world around me. The stories of homing pigeons Iliad and Odyssey, Virgils The Aeneid, Jonathan Kirschs God against the Gods and Elaine Pagels Origin of monster have affected my personal beliefs to the extent that I have started to think more critically roughly certain moral issues in life. Impact of publications Personal Growth In Homers Iliad and Odyssey, I have finally realized some(prenominal) points and issues about fighting for something and protecting it.I also learned how much risks and sacrifices that these characters of Achilles, Hector, and Odysseus can lay defeat for the sake of keeping what is rightfully theirs. Each character possesses braveness and honor that enable them to become stronger in their pursuits and involvements. The federal agency of women is also notable in these epic stories as their status supports the development of the male characters.RageGoddess, verbalize the rage of Peleus son Achilles, murderous, doomed, that cost the Achaeans countless losses, hurling down to the House of Death so numerous sturdy souls, reat fighters souls, but made their bodies carrion, feasts for the dogs and birds, (Iliad, lines 1-5) Achilles, a skillful warrior is introduced in the opening of Homers The Iliad. He represents a stereotypical masculinity which is often known as bold, daring, brave, and egotistical. I realized that men of Homers time are likely to become more established based on the battle skills that they possessed. When he defeated Hector in public in a single battle, he earns come on respect from his colleagues and enemies.Odysseus, on the other hand, is just like any other real man who has a defining character of what a leader should be nobility, courage, intellect, thirst for glory and authority. He has a benignant wife Penelope who perfectly fulfills domestic roles b ack home. Though she has not seen Odysseus in twenty years, she neer loses faith that her husband will come back and that they will live happy again. Her faithfulness and truth illustrates a perfect representation of a wife who is truly in love and a charwoman who is dutiful to her husband. Aenas in The Aeneid, is one of the heroes of classical literature.At some point his character can be associated with that of Jesus Christ. To fully grasp and understand the context of their characters as heroes, one must understand their social and cultural background. A hero should not be aloof and removed to their present reality. They should aline and adjust but should make a difference. Jesus Christ in the Gospel of Mark and Aenas in the rime of Virgil are heroic characters that illustrate acceptance of the workings and sparing of the Gods as fate. They both represent the truth of accepting and performing ones duty.Though Aenas is a son of the goddess Venus and who receives special p rovidence from the gods, Aenas is still considered mortal while Jesus is both God and man. Aenas is sometimes driven by his sadness and emotional impulses to accept his destined path but he chooses obey and follow still. Aenas is for the glory of capital of Italy but Jesus Christ is for the glory of God, the Father. Meanwhile, Kirschs God against the Gods made me think twice about the nature of monotheism and polytheism in our country.Kirsch points out in this news that monotheism is the one responsible for the world war problems today. monotheism glum out to inspire a ferocity and even a fanaticism that are mostly slay from polytheism (Kirsch 2). I support his claim that monotheism is really a problem if this world needs peace. People have different beliefs and to tell the other that his or her belief is wrong is very crucial to a relationship. With the examples that he pointed out in his book about Jews, Muslims and Christians, I realized that these religions are actually just worshipping a god that has common features. I came to a conclusion that religion is not as important to a persons spirituality as ones personal relationship with God.No case what a persons religion is, it does not really matter as long as people believe in something and they respect other peoples beliefs as well. Pagels Origin of Satan made me realize that amidst the promises of stories about love in The New Testament, the power of Satan is present amongst its stories in particular in the crucifixion story. I came to a realization that biblical stories tell more than what meets the eye. With an in-depth analysis, it got me into thinking that to be able to fully understand and comprehend what the Bible really has to offer, I have to finish the book and consult scholarly sources.ConclusionThese stories enable me to think and analyze the world around me and its history in a much critical way. History is written in these books and their still manifesting significance in our associat ion today. Personally, as a Christian I still believe in the teachings of Jesus Christ. I at last conform to the idea of heaven and hell, of the Second Coming, of the body of Sacred Writings but I was restricted to the limits of what my religion teaches me and tells me what to do. However, upon reading these literary works, I realized that as an individual, I must think for myself and conform to the ideas which I think is right as a human being.